स्नातकोत्तर इतिहास विभाग, एल.एन.एम.यू. दरभंगा, बिहार.
JournalRVIMJ
Volume / Issue2 / 12
Pages28–32
Published01 Dec 2025
Paper IDRVIMJ212D25005
Views / Downloads2 / 1
Article summary
Abstract
सल्तनत काल (1206ृ-1526 ई.) भारतीय इतिहास का एक महत्वपूर्ण चरण है, जिसमें सुदृढ़ प्रशासनिक व्यवस्था का विकास हुआ। इस काल में दिल्ली सल्तनत के शासकों- कुतुबुद्दीन ऐबक से लेकर इब्राहिम लोदी तक ने शासन को संगठित और प्रभावी बनाने हेतु विभिन्न प्रशासनिक संस्थाओं की स्थापना की। सल्तनत की प्रशासनिक व्यवस्था मुख्यतः केन्द्रीयकृत थी, जिसमें सुल्तान सर्वाेच्च शासक होता था। उसकी सहायता के लिए वजीर, दीवान-ए-अर्ज, दीवान-ए-इंशा और दीवान-ए-रसालत जैसे विभाग कार्यरत थे। प्रांतीय प्रशासन इक्ताओं के माध्यम से संचालित होता था, जहाँ इक्तादार को राजस्व संग्रह और सैन्य व्यवस्था की जिम्मेदारी दी जाती थी। स्थानीय स्तर पर अमीर, मुकद्दम और चौधरी प्रशासनिक कार्यों में सहयोग करते थे। न्याय व्यवस्था इस्लामी कानून (शरीयत) पर आधारित थी, जिसमें काजी और मुफ्ती महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका निभाते थे। अलाउद्दीन खिलजी और मुहम्मद बिन तुगलक जैसे शासकों ने प्रशासनिक सुधारों के माध्यम से राज्य की शक्ति को सुदृढ़ किया। यद्यपि इस व्यवस्था में कई व्यावहारिक कठिनियाँ थीं, फिर भी सल्तनत कालीन प्रशासनिक प्रणाली ने भारतीय प्रशासनिक परंपरा को गहराई से प्रभावित किया और मुगल प्रशासन की नींव रखी।
सुरेन्द्र कुमार (2025). Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District). Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal, 2(12), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005
सुरेन्द्र कुमार. “Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District).” Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 2, no. 12, 2025, pp. 28–32. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005
सुरेन्द्र कुमार. “Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District).” Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal 2, no. 12 (2025): 28–32. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005
सुरेन्द्र कुमार (2025) ‘Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District)’, Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal, 2(12), pp. 28–32. Available at: https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005.
सुरेन्द्र कुमार, “Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District),” Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal, vol. 2, no. 12, pp. 28–32, 2025. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005.
सुरेन्द्र कुमार. Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District). Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal. 2025;2(12):28–32. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005.
सुरेन्द्र कुमार. Barriers Faced by Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Bihar: A Study of Voice, Mobility, and Market Constraints (With Special Reference to Saran District). Research Vidyapith International Multidisciplinary Journal 2025, 2 (12), 28–32. https://doi.org/10.70650/rvimj.2025v2i12005.
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